For example, 'by John' in our previous illustration. When the original subject is included in the passive sentence, it is usually introduced by a preposition like 'by'. So, 'reads' in active voice changes to 'is read' in passive voice. The verb in a passive voice sentence typically involves a form of 'be' (is, am, are, was, were) followed by a past participle. Taking the same example, the sentence changes to "The book is read by John." That means the object becomes the sentence's new subject, and the subject becomes a part of the sentence after the verb. You need to reverse the subject's and object's roles to convert an active voice sentence to passive voice. Step 2: Reposition the Subject-Object Placement Recognizing these essential components of a sentence is the first step to getting your transformations right. In "John reads a book," 'John' is the subject, 'reads' is the verb, and 'a book' is the object. Step 1: Identification of Subject, Object, and VerbĪ sentence usually comprises the doer (subject), the action (verb), and the receiver (object). In active voice, the subject acts on the object, making it easier to spot. It's indirect and often used when the doer of the action is less important.Įxample: "A delicious meal (subject) was prepared (action) by the chef."Īdvanced Tip: To identify passive voice, look for forms of "to be" (e.g., was, were) followed by the past participle (e.g., prepared). Passive Voice: In passive voice, the subject receives the action. It's direct and concise.Įxample: "The chef (subject) prepared (action) a delicious meal." How to Identify Active and Passive Voice?Īctive Voice: In active voice, the subject performs the action. It is extensively used in scientific and formal writing where the primary focus is the action, not the doer. The subject becomes secondary to the action itself, thus presenting a more impartial narrative. The passive voice shifts the focal point to the recipient of the action. It provides clear, straightforward sentences where the agent of action is easily identifiable, making it a favored choice in most writing styles. The active voice focuses on the subject of the sentence, who is taking direct action. Active and passive voice are two different ways of constructing a sentence.
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